Pengekstrakan nadir bumi
Pengekstrakan nadir bumi (kaedah pengekstrakan pelarut) ialah proses perindustrian teras untuk mengasingkan dan menulenkan unsur nadir bumi daripada galian campuran. It utilizes the difference in distribution coefficients of different rare earth ions in organic solvents and inorganic aqueous phases to achieve the separation of high-purity single rare earth elements. This technology has established China’s dominant position in the global rare earth smelting and separation field.
The following is the core structure of rare earth extraction process:
1. Core principles and processes
Basic principle: Mix an acidic solution (fasa akueus) containing multiple rare earths with a specific organic extractant (fasa organik) vigorously in an extraction box. Due to the differences in chemical properties of different rare earth elements, they will transfer to the organic phase with different affinities.
Multi stage cross flow/countercurrent extraction: Due to the extremely similar properties between rare earth elements (especially adjacent lanthanide elements), continuous extraction, membasuh, and back extraction at hundreds or even thousands of levels are necessary to separate a single rare earth element to a purity of up to 99.999%.
2. Common extractants
According to different types of rare earth minerals and extraction requirements, the following types of phosphorus or amine organic extractants are commonly used in industry:
P204 (HDEHP): Acidic extractant, mainly used for the separation of heavy rare earths and the extraction of elements such as yttrium, Samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, dll.
P507 (EHEHPA): Acidic extractant with high separation coefficient, is currently the mainstream reagent for separating light rare earths (such as lanthanum, Cerium, Praseodymium, neodymium).
N235 (N1923): Alkaline/neutral extractant, commonly used for separating light rare earths or extracting associated elements from hydrochloric acid systems.
3. Technological breakthroughs and industrial impacts
Cascade extraction theory: proposed by the team of renowned Chinese chemist Academician Xu Guangxian, it solves the world-class problem of traditional processes being difficult to achieve industrial mass production of single high-purity rare earths, and enables China’s rare earth separation technology to reach a global leading level.
Green extraction process: Modern extraction technology is developing towards non saponification and low ammonia nitrogen wastewater discharge to solve the environmental pain points in traditional extraction processes.
Pengekstrak logam kami seperti di bawah, Sekiranya anda memerlukan apa -apa jenis, sila tanya kami:
- P204 (D2EHPA atau HDEHP) Ini digunakan untuk langkah pertama untuk membuang kekotoran untuk bijih nikel laterit.
- P507 pengekstrak logam bukan ferus untuk kuprum, zink, kobalt-nikel, kadmium, emas Perak, logam kumpulan platinum, nadir bumi dan sebagainya.
- DY272 Pengekstrak pengasingan kobalt nikel, ia boleh mengeluarkan kobalt daripada larutan nikel kobalt, kemudian tinggalkan nikel tulen.
- DY984N reagen pengekstrakan pelarut kuprum.
- DY319 pengekstrak bersama nikel kobalt kecekapan tinggi untuk kitar semula bateri, boleh mengeluarkan nikel dan kobalt bersama-sama daripada elektrolit bateri Litium.
- QL256-2 Pengekstrakan bersama nikel Kobalt Mangan.
- DY377 pengekstrak pemisahan nikel dan berlian yang cekap.
- DY366 Ekstrak skandium.
- DY316 Pengekstrak litium.
